Placed
under the administrative jurisdiction of the U.S. Navy,
Guam experienced many improve-ments in the areas of agriculture,
public health, sanitation, education, land management,
taxes, and public works. The U.S. Navy continued to use
Guam as a refueling and communication station until 1941,
when it fell to invading Japanese
forces shortly after the attack on
Pearl Harbor. Guam
remained under Japanese control until reclaimed by American
forces in July of 1944. In 1949, U.S. President Harry S.
Truman signed the Organic Act, making Guam an unincor-porated
territory of the United States with limited self-governing
authority, which it remains to this day.